The pithos production of Ainos during the Ottoman period
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26247/aura7.9Abstract
Η παρούσα μελέτη ασχολείται με την παραγωγή των αινίτικων πίθων και τη διάδοσή τους στον αιγαιακό χώρο κατά την οθωμανική περίοδο. Η Αίνος (σημερινή Enez), στην ανατολική όχθη του Δέλτα του ποταμού Έβρου, αποτελούσε από την αρχαιότητα ένα από τα σημαντικότερα οικονομικά και εμπορικά κέντρα του Βορείου Αιγαίου. Κατά τους βυζαντινούς και οθωμανικούς χρόνους ανέπτυξε μεγάλη ναυτιλιακή δύναμη, ελέγχοντας όλο το διαμετακομιστικό εμπόριο της Θράκης και των Βαλκανίων. Η πόλη εμπορευόταν ποικίλα προϊόντα, αλλά ήταν περιζήτητη κυρίως για τα αποθηκευτικά πιθάρια της, που ξεχώριζαν για το μέγεθος και την εξαιρετική αντοχή τους, και ήταν ιδανικά για την αποθήκευση του λαδιού. Οι αινίτικοι πίθοι, με το χαρακτηριστικό τροπιδωτό –σχεδόν αμφικωνικό– σώμα, και την ανάγλυφη, έντυπη ή εγχάρακτη διακόσμηση στον ώμο, μεταφέρονταν σε όλα σχεδόν τα παράλια και τα νησιά του Αιγαίου, αλλά και στην ενδοχώρα της Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας και της Θράκης. Ένα από τα πρωιμότερα δείγματα χρονολογείται στο πρώτο μισό του 18ου αι., ωστόσο υπάρχουν ισχυρές ενδείξεις ότι η πιθοπλαστική της Αίνου ανάγεται πιθανώς στον 16ο αι., αν όχι νωρίτερα.
The present study focuses on the pithos production of Ainos and its distribution in the Aegean Sea during the Ottoman period. Ainos (Turkish: Enez) was one of the major economic and commercial centers of the Northern Aegean throughout antiquity on the eastern bank of the Evros River delta. During the Byzantine and Ottoman periods it developed a great maritime power, controlling the entire transit trade of Thrace and the Balkans. The town traded in a variety of goods, but it was most famous for its storage pithoi, which were large and extremely durable and thus ideal for storing olive oil. The Ainian pithoi, with their characteristic keel-shaped―almost biconical―body, as well as their relief, stamped or incised decoration on the shoulder, were transported to almost all the coasts and islands of the Aegean, but also to the interior of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace. One of the earliest samples dates to the first half of the 18th century, but there is strong evidence that the pithos production of Ainos probably dates back to the 16th century, if not earlier.
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