THE EXPERIENCE OF GRIEF IN CHILDHOOD: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

Abstract

Childhood grief is a complex and dynamic experience influenced by the child’s developmental stage, the type and circumstances of the loss, the relationship with the deceased, as well as the family, school, and broader sociocultural environment. The aim of the present study is to explore the experience of grief during childhood, with particular emphasis on children’s developmental understanding of death, the emotional, cognitive, physical, and behavioral manifestations of grief, the factors influencing children’s adjustment, and the main forms of support and therapeutic intervention. A narrative literature review of Greek- and English-language literature was conducted, drawing on scientific databases and relevant sources concerning children and adolescents aged 0–18 years. The synthesis of the literature demonstrated that the understanding and expression of grief vary considerably according to age and developmental level, while adjustment is influenced by individual, familial, social, and cultural factors. Support should therefore be individualized and developmentally appropriate, incorporating family and school-based support and, where necessary, specialized therapeutic interventions. In addition, a qualitative interpretive approach to The Lion King is undertaken as a cultural representation of loss, guilt, avoidance, memory, and gradual adjustment. Overall, childhood grief should not be understood as a uniform or linear process, but rather as an individualized experience that requires sensitivity to the developmental needs and unique circumstances of each child.